EFFECT OF SOCIAL NETWORKING ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE: A CASE STUDY OF COAST WATER SERVICE BOARD

BIWOTT TIMOTHY TOROITICH, DR. EVELYN DATCHE (Ph.D)

Abstract


The main objective of the study was to establish the effect of social networking on employee performance. The study targeted Coast Water Services Board as the case study. The study specifically established the effect of Facebook, twitter, LinkedIn and WhatsApp on employee performance. The target population of the study comprised of 200 employees working in CWSB, Mombasa County. For this study, data was collected using structured questionnaires based on the research hypotheses. Data analysis was done with the help of Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 23. Descriptive statistics included frequencies distribution, and percentages and mean, while inferential statistical analysis used included correlations, and regression. The study findings established that there was a positive effect reported for Facebook on employee performance. Also there was a significant effect of twitter on employee performance. However, minimal effect was reported for WhatsApp on employee performance.The study therefore based on the findings obtained concluded that Face book was the most used social network in the organization, and that users’ most frequent activities on Facebook was writing messages. Further the study concluded that LinkedIn was the appropriate social networking site for professional development and that LinkedIn used by employees lowered the employee productivity. Further the study recommended that the organization should provide specific time for twitter usage to employees to avoid reduction in employee productivity. Also the organization should encourage employee to use twitter on adding value to the firm. To maximize the potential of social networking within the organization, it was recommended that organizations come up with specific networks for organization wide social networking. 

Key Terms: Employee performance, LinkedIn, Social network, Social networking, Twitter, You tube 

CITATION: Toroitich, B. T., & Datche, E. (2019). Effect of social networking on employee performance: A case study of coast water service board. The Strategic Journal of Business & Change Management, 6 (2), 480 – 501.


Full Text:

PDF

References


Accountemps, D. (2010). Accountemps survey: CFOs concerned about time waste but also see business benefits in social media use. Lahore: HT Media Ltd.

Adams, G. A., King, L. A., & King, D. W. (2011). Relationships of job and family involvement, family social support, and work–family conflict with job and life satisfaction. Journal of Applied Psychology, 81(4), 411-420.

Ahlqvist, T. (2012). Social media roadmaps: exploring the futures triggered by social media: VTT. 4.

Aladwani, A. (2015). Facilitators, characteristics, and impacts of Twitter use: Theoretical analysis and empirical illustration. International Journal of Information Management, 35, 15-25.

Allen, T. D., Herst, D. E., Bruck, C. S., & Sutton, M. (2010). Consequences associated with work-to-family conflict: a review and agenda for future research. Journal of occupational health psychology, 5(2), 278. 5.

Ancun, M., & Cozma, R. (2013). MySpace politics: Uses and gratifications of befriending candidates. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 53(4), 567-583.

April, N., Gorelick, K. & Milton, C. (2012), "Performance through learning: knowledge management in practice," Oxford: Elsevier Butterworth-Heinemann.

Arnould, E. J. and Craig, J. T. (2011), Consumer Culture Theory: Twenty years of research. Journal of Consumer Research, 31 (4), 868-882

Babinchak, A. (2014). Web monitoring for employee productivity enhancement. Sourced fromhttp://www.gfi.com/whitepapers/web_monitoring_for_employee_productivity_e nhancement.pdf (Accessed 19/05/2018).

Barker, P. (2012). How social media is transforming employee communications at Sun Microsystems. Global Business and Organizational Excellence, 27(4):6-14.

Barnes, S., & Bohringer, M. (2011). Modeling use continuance behavior in microblogging services: The case of Twitter. The Journal of Computer Information Systems, 51, 1-10.

Beck, P. (2012). Social network position and its relationship to performance of IT professionals. Informing Science: The International Journal of an Emerging Transdiscipline, 13(1), 121-137.

Bennett, J., Owers, M., Pitt, M., & Tucker, M. (2010). Workplace impact of social networking. Property Management, 28(3), 138-148.

Boyd, D.M. and Ellison, N.B. (2010). Social network sites: definition, history and scholarship. Journal of Computer-mediated Communication, 13(1):210-230.

Brass, D. J., Butterfield, K. D., & Skaggs, B. C. (2008). Relationships and unethical behavior: A social network perspective. Academy of Management Review, 14-31.

Brown, J., Broderick, A. J., & Lee, N. (2010). Word of mouth communication within online communities: Conceptualizing the online social network. Journal of Interactive Marketing, 21(3), 2-20.

Bryant, E., & Marmo, J. (2009). Relational maintenance strategies on Facebook. Paper Presented at the Annual Meeting of the NCA 95th Annual Convention, Chicago Hilton & Towers, Chicago, IL.

Burns, N., & Grove, S. K. (2004). The practice of nursing research (5th Edition). Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders Company.

Carlson, J. R., & Zmud, R. W. (2009). Channel expansion theory and the experiential nature of media richness perceptions. Academy of Management Journal, 42(2), 153-170.

Chapman, & Cutler, L. (2014). SocialMedia Guide for Financial Institutions. California, USA, Sage Publications.

Church, K., & Oliveira, R. D. (2013). What’s up with WhatsApp ? Comparing Mobile Instant Messaging Behaviors with Traditional SMS. Proceeding of Mobile HCI 2013 – Collaboration and Communication, Munich Germany, pp 352–361).

Clark, L.,& Roberts, S. (2010). Employer’s use of social networking sites: A socially irresponsible practice. Journal of Business Ethics, 95(4), 507-525.

Cooper, D. R. & Schindler, S.P. (2012). Business Research Methods (7th ed).New York: McGraw- Hill Companies.

Coyle, C.L. and Vaughn, H. (2008). Social networking: communication revolution or evolution? Bell Labs Technical Journal, 13(2):13-17.

Creswell, J.W. (2009). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative and mixed approach Methods Approaches, (3rd Ed). California, USA, Sage Publications.

Daft, R. L., & Lengel, R. H. (2009). Organizational information requirements, media richness and structural design. Management Science, 32(5), 554-571.

Dennis, A. R., & Kinney, S. T. (2008). Testing media richness theory in the new media: The effects of cues, feedback, and task equivocality. Information Systems Research, 9(3), 256-274.

Dong, Q. (2008). Explaining why young adults use Myspace and Facebook through uses & gratification theory. Paper Presented at the Annual Meeting of the NCA 94th Annual Convention, TBA, San Diego, CA.

Dwyer, C. (2011). Task technology fit, the social technical gap and social networking sites. Paper presented at the Thirteenth Americas Conference on Information Systems, Keystone, Colorado.

Ellison, N. B., Steinfield, C., & Lampe, C. (2010). The benefits of Facebook „„friends": Social capital and college students‟ use of online social network sites. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 12(4), 1143–1168.

Evangelopoulos, N., Magro, M., & Sidorova, A. (2012). The dual micro/macro informing role of social networking sites: Can Twitter macro messages help predict stock prices? Informing Science: The International Journal of an Emerging Transdiscipline, 15, 247-268.

Fahmy, M. (2009). Facebook, YouTube at work make better employees. Retrieved from http://tech.yahoo.com: http://tech.yahoo.com/news/nm/20090402/wr_nm /us_work_internet _tech_life.

Financial Brand. (2013). How Banks in India Have Embraced Social Media. Retrieved May 19, 2018, from Financial Brand Website: http://thefinancialbrand.com/30081/indian-banks-facebook-twitter-youtube/

Gill, J. & Johnson P. (2010). Research Methods for Managers, (3rd ed.). London, Paul Chapman.

Gladwell, M. (2009). The Tipping Point. How Little Things Can Make a Big Difference, (1st edition.) Boston, MA.: Little, Brown.

Golder, S. A., Wilkinson, D., & Huberman, B. A. (2009). Rhythms of social interaction: messaging within a massive online network: 3rd International Conference on Communities and Technologies.

Granovetter, M. S. (2007). Getting a job: A study of contacts and careers. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard Univ. Pr.

Greenburg, C., & Robelia, B. (2012). Old communication, new literacies: Social network sites as social learning resources. Journal of Computer Mediated Communication, 14(4), 1130-1161.

Hanafizadeh, P., Zare Ravasan, A., Nabavi, A., & Mehrabioun, M. (2012). A Literature Review on the Business Impacts of Social Network Sites. International Journal of Virtual Communities and Social Networking (IJVCSN), 4(1), 46-60.

Hargittai, E. (2008). Whose space? Differences among users and non-users of social network sites. Journal of Computer Mediated Communication, 13(1), 276–297.

Harris, L. & Rae, A. (2011). Building a personal brand through social networking. Journal of Business Strategy, 32, 14 - 21.

Honeycutt, C., & Herring, S. (2009). Beyond microblogging: Conversation and collaboration via Twitter. Proceedings of the 42nd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS,), Big Island, HI, 1-10. Los Alamitos, CA: IEEE Press.

Hutley, R. (2009). Social Networking as a Business Tool. Point of View, 1-13.

Isheriff, (2010). Strategies for managing social networking and personal web use in the workplace. Costa Mesa, CA: Isheriff.

Java, A., Song, X., Finin, T., & Tseng, B. (2008). Why we Twitter: Understanding microblogging usage and communities. Proceedings of the Joint 9th WEBKDD and 1st SNA-KDD Workshop. Retrieved from http://ebiquity.umbc.edu/_file_directory_/papers/369.pdf

Jagongo, A., & Kinyua, C. (2013). The Social Media and Entrepreneurship Growth: A New Business Communication Paradigm among SMEs in Nairobi. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 3(10), 213-227.

Janssen, O. (2008). How fairness perceptions make innovative behavior more or less stressful. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 25(2), 201-215.

Joinson, A. N. (2008). Looking at, looking up or keeping up with people? Motives and use of Facebook. Paper presented at the 26th annual SIGCHI conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, Florence, Italy.

Jones, S. (2009). Generations online in 2009 (pew internet project data memo), available at: http://www.pewinternet.org/Reports/2009/Generations-Online-in-2009.aspx (accessed 27 May 2018).

Kim, K. J., Jeong, I. J., Park, R. C. Park, Y. J., Kim, C.O. & Kim, T. H. (2010). The Impact of Network Service Performance on Customer Satisfaction and Loyalty. High Social Internet Service Case in Korea. Export System with Application, Vol 37, pg 882-831

Kirschner, P. A., & Karpinski, A. C. (2010). Facebook® and academic performance. Computers in human behavior, 26(6), 1237-1245.

Kombo, D.K., & Tromp, D.L. (2009).Proposal and thesis writing: An introduction. Nairobi. Paulines Publications Africa.

Kortesuo, K. (2011). Tee itsestäsi brändi: Asiantuntijaviestintä verkossa ja livenä. Jyväskylä: Docendo.

Kothari, C. R. (2010), Research Methodology: Methods and Techniques, (2nd Edition), Sri Lanka: New Age International Publisher.

Kwak, H. (2012). Self-disclosure in online media: an active audience perspective. International Journal of Advertising, 31(3), 485

Leader-Chivée, L., & Cowan, E. (2008). Networking the way to success: Online social networks for workplace and competitive advantage. People & Strategy, 31, 40-46.

Leidner, D., Koch, H., & Gonzalez, E. (2010). Assimilating Generation Y IT new hires into USAA’s workforce: The role of an Enterprise 2.0 system. MIS Quarterly Executive, 9(4), 229-242. 29.

Li, C. (2010). Groundswell. Winning in a world transformed by social technologies. Strategic Direction, 26(8).

LinkedIn Help Center. (2015). Editing your profile. Available at: https://help.linkedin.com/app/answers/detail/a_id/5/~/editing-your-profile. 10.5.2018

Mainier, M. J., & O’Brien, M. (2010). Online social networks and the privacy paradox: A research framework. Issues in Information Systems, XI(1), 513-517.

Mangold, W. G., & Smith, K. T. (2011). Selling to Millennials with online reviews. Business Horizons, 55(2), 141–153.

McCloy, R. A., Campbell, J. P., & Cudeck, R. (1994). A confirmatory test of a model of performance determinants. Journal of Applied Psychology, 79(4), 493-505.

Monette, D. R., Sullivan, T. J. & DeJong, C. R. (2008). Applied Social Research. Orlando, FLA: Harcourt Press.

Moynihan, D. P., & Pandey, S. K. (2008). The ties that bind: Social networks, person organization value fit, and turnover intention. Journal of Public Administration Research & Theory, 18(2), 205-227.

Mugenda, M.& Mugenda, G. (2008). Research Methods: Quantitative and Qualitative Approaches. Nairobi University Press

Munene, A. G., & Nyaribo, Y. M. (2013). Effect of Social Media Pertication in the Workplace on Employee Productivity. International Journal of Advances in Management and Economics, 141-150.

Naaman, M., Becker, H., & Gravano, L. (2011). Hip and trendy: Characterizing emerging trends on Twitter. Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 62, 902-918.

North, M. (2010). An evaluation of employees' attitudes toward social networking in the workplace. Issues in Information Systems, 11(1), 192-197.

Nucleus,S. (2009), Facebook: Measuring the Cost to Business of Social Networking, Nucleus ResearchInc, Boston, MA

O'Murchu, I., Breslin, J. G., & Decker, S. (2008). Online Social and Business Networking Communities. Paper presented at the ECAI Workshop on Application of Semantic Web Technologies to Web Communities.

Orodho, J. A (2010), Techniques of writing Research Proposals and Reports in Education and Social Science Nairobi: Masola Publishers.

Palmer, A., & Koenig-Lewis, N. (2009). An experiential, social network-based approach to direct marketing. Direct Marketing: An International Journal, 3(3), 162-176.

Pashkevich, M., Dorai-Raj, S., Kellar, M., & Zigmond, D. (2012). Empowering online advertisements by empowering viewers with the right to choose. Journal of Advertising Research, 52(4), 451-457

Patel, N., & Jasani, H. (2010). Social Media Security Policies: Guidlines for Organizations. Issues in Information Systems, 11(1), 628-634.

Peterson, R. (2012). To tweet or not to tweet: Exploring the determinants of early adoption of Twitter by House members in the 111th Congress. The Social Science Journal, 49, 430-438.

Plummer, J. T., Rappaport, S. D., & Hall, T. (2010). The Online advertising playbook: Proven strategies and tested tactics from the advertising research foundation. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.

Porter, M.E. (2010), Competitive Advantage: Creating and Sustaining Superior Performance. Free Press, London.

Punie, H. and Cabrera, D. (2006),The future of ICT and learning in the knowledge society.[Online]. http://www.jrc.es/publications/pub.cfm?id=1407(Accessed May 2018)

Richter, F. (2014). Here’s what Facebook gets for $19billion. Retrieved June 06, 2018, from The Statistical Portal website : www.statistica.com/chart/1804/whatsapp-user-base

Riel, S., Giles, H., (2005). Intergroup Relations: Its Linguistic and Communicative Parameters, Group Processes & Intergroup Relations, vol 8 iss: 3 p: 211.

Rooksby, J., Kahn, A., Keen, J., Sommerville, I., & Rooksby, J. (2009). Social networking and the workplace. School of Computer Science, North Haugh, University of St Andrews.

Saunders, M; Lewis P. & Thornhill, A.(2012), Research Methods for Business Students (4th edn.). Harlow, New York: McGraw-Hill, 51.

Sekaran, U. (2008). Research methods for business: A skill building approach. United Kingdom; John Wiley & Sons, Inc

Sheldon, P. (2008). Student favorite: Facebook and its motives for use. Southwestern Mass Communication Journal, 23, 39-53.

Shepherd, C. (2011). Does social media have a place in workplace learning? Strategic Direction, 27(2),3-4.

Shirky, C. (2008). Here Comes Everybody. The Power of Organizing Organisations. New York, N.Y: Penguin Books.

Somani, V., & Gupta, A. (2012). Social Networking and Its Impact on Human Capital Management in FMCG Sector.

Soukup, P. A. (2014). Looking at, with and through YouTube. Communication Research Trends, 33(3), 3-34

Stern, L. A., & Taylor, K. (2009). Social networking on Facebook. Journal of the Communication, Speech & Theatre Association of North Dakota, 20, 9-20.

Sweta. F. (2016). How Indian Banks are Using Social Media to connect to their Customers. Retrieved May 19, 2018, from Simplify 360: http://simplify360.com/blog/how-indian-banks-are-using-social-media-to-connect-totheir-customer/

Tapscott, D. and Williams, A.D. (2010). Wikinomics: how mass collaboration changes everything. New York: Penguin Group.

Team eValue, (2018). The secret for top performing banks on social media? Be human. Retrieved May 19, 2018, from engagementlabs: https://www.engagementlabs.com/the-secret-for-top-performing-banks-on-socialmedia-be-human/

Warnakula1, W. M., and Manickam, B. (2014). Employees’ Behaviour in Online Social Networking Websites, Tropical Agricultural Research, 22 (1): 94 - 106 49.

Ward, C. & Yates, D. (2013). Personal branding and e-professionalism. Journal of Service Science, 6, 101 - 104.

Wavecrest. F. (2010). Social networking or social not-working. Melbourne, FL: Wavecrest

Wilson, J. (2009). Social networking: the business case. Engineering & Technology, 4(10), 54-56.

Wood, K. (2010). Instant Messaging, Academic Integration, Social Integration, Technology, Cyberspace. (Unplished master’s thesis). Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University.

Zyl, A. (2009). The Impact of Social Networking 2.0 on Organisations. Electronic Library, 27(6), 906-918.




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.61426/sjbcm.v6i2.1123

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.

PAST ISSUES:
20242023202220212020201920182017201620152014
Vol 11, No 2 [2024]Vol 10, No 4 [2023]Vol 9, No 4 [2022]Vol 8, No 4 [2021]Vol 7, No 4 [2020]Vol 6, No 4 [2019]Vol 5, No 4 [2018]Vol 4, No 4 [2017]Vol 3, No 4 [2016]Vol 2, No 2 [2015]Vol 1, No 2 [2014]
 Vol 11, No 1 [2024] Vol 10, No 3 [2023] Vol 9, No 3 [2022]Vol 8, No 3 [2021]Vol 7, No 3 [2020]Vol 6, No 3 [2019]Vol 5, No 3 [2019]Vol 4, No 3 [2017]Vol 3, No 3 [2016]Vol 2, No 1 [2015]Vol 1, No 1 [2014]
  Vol 10, No 2 [2023] Vol 9, No 2 [2022]Vol 8, No 2 [2021]Vol 7, No 2 [2020]Vol 6, No 2 [2019]Vol 5, No 2 [2018]Vol 4, No 2 [2017]Vol 3, No 2 [2016]  
  Vol 10, No 1 [2023] Vol 9, No 1 [2022]  Vol 8, No 1 [2021]Vol 7, No 1 [2020]Vol 6, No 1 [2019]Vol 5, No 1 [2018]Vol 4, No 1 [2017]Vol 3, No 1 [2016]   


Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.