THE ROLE OF HEAD OF SUPPLY CHAIN IN THE FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF BANKS IN KENYA
Abstract
The force of globalisation has increased, with competition becoming more intensive and resulting in the limited growth of sales and therefore profitability. This has forced organisations to look inwards on cost management measures. While strict control of staff costs has taken significant board-room attention, firms are only now realising the benefits that can accrue from more value-for-money supply chain management (SCM) especially through strategic leadership from the head of SCM. The main objective of this study therefore was to determine the role of head of supply chain in bank’s financial performance through policy formulation, procurement management, quality management and strategic cost management. Descriptive survey design was engaged to accomplish the study through the use of questionnaires as a tool for primary data collection. The census approach was adopted for this study and the questionnaires were administered to the head of supply chain and the deputy for all the 44 banks operating in Kenya. Secondary data on the financial performance of sampled banks was obtained from the Central Bank of Kenya (CBK) and the Nairobi Securities Exchange (NSE). Qualitative data from open-ended questions was analysed using content analysis and presented through narratives. For quantitative data, the study employed regression analysis to estimate the causal relationships between factors under study for presentation through tables and charts. The study found that bank financial performance is impacted by the head of SCM through strategic cost management, formulation of comprehensive SCM policies as well as streamlined procurement management activities and quality management. The study recommends that the head of SCM should focus on strategic cost management, procurement management, policy formulation and quality management as channels to impact on bank financial performance. Strategic cost management is the most impactful tool through which the head of SCM influences financial performance.
Key Words: Policy Formulation, Procurement Management, Quality Management, Strategic Cost Management, Head of Supply Chain, Bank Performance
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Airtel (2014, October 28), Profile of Martin Jowi, Head of Supply Chain Division of Airtel Networks Kenya. Retrieved from http://ke.linkedin.com/pub/martin-jowi/10/953/22b
Alade, J. A., Sharma, D. K. & Sharma, H. P. (2004). Role of supply chain management decisions in effective inventory control. Journal of Academy of Business and Economics, 12(4), 102-108.
Aldrich. (1979), Organizations and Environments. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
Alvarado UY, Kotzab H. (2001). Supply chain management: the integration of logistics in marketing. Industrial Marketing Management 2001; 30(2):183–98.
Ardent Partners (2011), CPO Rising 2011: Innovative Ideas for the Decade Ahead.
Armstrong, C. (2001). Inventory Control Can Help Reduce Waste. Supply Journal, 9 (2).
Awinja, B., Kisavi, R., Omondi, C., Obura , J. and Thairu, S. (2012), Procurement Best Practices, A Potential Solution to Kenya’s Supermarket Performance Problem Business and Management Review Vol. 2(5) pp. 48 – 60 July, 2012 ISSN: 2047 - 0398
Baiman, S. and Rajan, M.V. (2002), “Incentive issues in inter-firm relationships”, Accounting, Organisations and Society, Vol. 27, pp. 213-38.
Baker, E., Walker, H., Harland, C. (2007, February 22), “Organizing for collaborative Procurement: An initial conceptual framework”, Retrieved from http://www.ippa.org/IPPC2/BOOK/Chapter_2.pdf .
Ballou, R. H., Gilbert, S. M., and Mukherjee, A., 2000, “New Managerial Challenges from Supply Chain Opportunities”, Industrial Marketing Management, 29: 7-18.
Banda, E. (2009). Politics and Economic Consequences. (1st Ed.). Washington D.C.: Center for Study of Responsive Law.
Barney, J.B., (2001). Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage. Journal of Management, 17(1), 99-120.
Berger, E. & Humphrey, N. (2007).Simple Buying Methods. (1st. Ed.), Nairobi: East Africa Education Publishers.
Bertalanffy, W. (1968), "Quantitative research for non-profit management", Non-profit Management & Leadership, Vol. 169 pp.395-409
Benton, W. C. Jr., (2010). Purchasing and Supply Chain Management. Second edition. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Booth, C., (2010) Strategic Procurement: Organizing Suppliers and Supply Chains for Competitive Advantage, Kogan Page Limited, New Delhi
Boyd, R (2004), "Purchasing in the year 2000: the next evolution", Presented at 79th Annual Purchasing Conference, Tempe, Arizona.
Burton, R. & Obel, B. (2004) “Strategic organisation design”, 3. Ed. Boston: Kluwer.
Capra S. (2007), An empirical evaluation of equity portfolios held by insurance companies in Kenya. Unpublished MBA Project, School of Business, University of Nairobi.
Carr, A. S. and Pearson, J. N. (2002). The impact of purchasing and supplier involvement on strategic purchasing and its impact on firm’s performance. International Journal of Operations and Production Management.22 (9-10), 1032-1053.
Callendar, G. & Mathews, D. (2000). “Government Purchasing: An Evolving Profession?” Journal of Public Budgeting, Accounting & Financial Management, 12 (2): 272-290.
CBK (2014, November 14), Central Bank of Kenya: Directory of Commercial Banks and Mortgage Finance Companies. Retrieved from https://www.centralbank.go.ke/images/docs/Bank%20Supervision%20Reports/Commercial%20Banks%20Directrory%20-%2013%20December%202011.pdf
Chang, G. (2009), Total Quality Management in Supply Chain, Zhengzhou Institute of Aeronautical Industry Management International Business Research, Vol.2, No.2, April 2009.
Chebichii, D., Sakwa, M., Biraori, E. and Wamalwa, R. (2014), Effects Of Internal Organization Communication Channels On Efficiency In The Procurement Function In Public Institutions In Kenya. Case of Kenya Seed Company, International Journal of Recent Research in Commerce Economics and Management (IJRRCEM)Vol. 1, Issue 3, pp.: (39-52), Month: October - December 2014, Available at: www.paperpublications.org Page | 39 Paper Publications
Chen I. J. & Paulraj A., (2004), Towards a theory of supply chain management: the constructs and measurements. Journal of Operations Management 2004; 22(2):119–50.
Chen, I. J., Lado, A. A. & Paulraj, A., (2004). Strategic Purchasing, Supply Management, and Firm Performance. Journal of Operations Management 22, 505-523.
Chow, G., L. E. Henriksson and T. D. Heaver (2005). "Strategy, structure and performance: a framework for logistics research. "The Logistics and Transportation Review 31(4): 285 - 308.
Churchill, G.A., 1979. A paradigm for developing better measures of marketing constructs. Journal of Marketing Research 16 (2), 64–73.
Conyon, F. (2008).On the measurement of organisational slack. Academy of Management Review, 6: 29–39.
Cooper, D. R. & Schindler, P. S., (2006). Business research methods.8th ed. McGraw-Hill/Irwin, Boston.
Council of Logistics Management (2000).What it’s all about. Oak Brook: CLM, 2000.
Court B, Steele P. (2007). Profitable Purchasing Strategies: a manager’s guide for improving organizational competitiveness through the skills of purchasing. McGraw-Hill Book Company England
Croom S, Romano P, Giannakis M. (2000) Supply chain management: an analytical framework for critical literature review. European Journal of Purchasing and Supply Management 2000; 6 (1):67–83.
Dale, K. (2010). Measuring Service Quality. (1st Ed.) London: Pitman Publication.
David Farmer, David J, David J, Peter B. (2004). Purchasing principles and management, 7th edition, Pitman Publishing, London.
De Anis & Haggins S. E. (2001). Information as a tool for Management Decision Making. In A case of Singapore .Information Research 7(1) 234-245.
Deming, W. E. (1986). Out of the Crisis. Cambridge, Mass.: Massachusetts Institute for Technology, Center for Advanced Engineering Study, 1986.
Devlin, A.S., (2006). Research Methods: Planning, Conducting and Presenting Research. Wadsworth, Belmont, Calif.
DiMaggio, P., Powell, W., 1983. The iron cage revisited: institutionalized isomorphism and collective rationality in organizational fields. American Sociological Review 48, 147–160.
Dobler D. W, Burt N. (2006). Purchasing and Supply Management, 6th edition, McGraw Hill Publishing Company Limited, New Delhi.
Dolma, S., (2010). The Central Role of the Unit of Analysis Concept in Research Design. Istanbul University Journal of the School of Business Administration, Cilt/Vol.39, Sayi/No:1,169
Donaldson, R. (2001). “The contingency theory of organisations”. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage
Donlon JP. (2006).Maximizing value in the supply chain. Chief Executive 2006; 117:54–63.
Driedonks, B., Gevers, J. & Van Weele, A.J. (2009).Success Factors for Sourcing Teams: How to Foster Sourcing Team Effectiveness, European Management Journal, Volume 32, pp. 288-304
EABL (2014, October 28), East Africa Breweries Limited Senior Management. Retrieved from https://www.eabl.com/about-us/leadership/senior-management
Easton, G. and Araujo, L. (2003), “A resource based view of industrial networks”, Proceedings of the 9th IMP (Industrial Marketing and Purchasing) Conference, Bath, 23-25 September.
Eisenhardt, K.M. and Martin, J.A. (2000), “Dynamic capabilities: what are they?” Strategic Management Journal, Vol. 21 No’s 10/11, pp. 1105-21.
FAO Fishery Resources Division, (2009), Indicators for sustainable development of marine capture fisheries. FAO Technical Guidelines for Responsible Fisheries. No. 8. Rome, FAO. 2009. 68p.
Feinberg, A., Umbenhauer, B., Renner, R. and Sopher, S. (2013), Charting the course: Why procurement must transform itself by 2020, Deloitte Consulting LLC.
Fitzgerald, K.R. (2008). “Top Pay Levels Keep Going Up” Purchasing, 125 (12), 42-52.
Flynn, A. E., Leenders, M. R. & Johnson, P. F., (2011). Purchasing and Supply Management. 14th edition. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Gilbert, G. R. (1984). (Ed.) Making and Managing Policy: Formulation, Analysis, Evaluation. New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc.
Golembiewski, R., (1979) Approaches to Planned Change, Vol. 2. Marcel Dekker, New York
GoK (2005), Government of Kenya, Public Procurement and Disposal Act of 2005, Kenya Law Reports, Chapter 412C, National Council for Law Reporting, Revised Edition 2010
GoK (2007), Government of Kenya, Supplies Practitioners Management Act No.17 of 2007, Kenya Law Reports, National Council for Law Reporting, Revised Edition 2012
Golembiewski, R., (2000), Handbook of Organisation Behaviour: Second Edition. CRC Press, London.
Golinelli. (2009), "Quantitative research for non-profit management", Non-profit Management & Leadership, Vol. 169 pp.395-409
Grant, R.M. (2001), “The resource-based theory of competitive advantage: implications for strategy formulation”, California Management Review, Vol. 33 No. 33, pp. 114-35.
Grant, R.M. (2005) Contemporary Strategy Analysis, 5th ed., UK: Blackwell Publishing.
Groysberg, B., Kelly, L. and MacDonald, B. (2011), The New Path To the C-Suite, Havard Business Review, March 2011 Issue.
Haakansson, H. and Ford, D. (2002), How companies interact in business networks?, Journal of Business Research, Vol. 55, pp. 133-9.
Haakansson, H. and Snehota, I. (2005), Developing Relationships in Business Networks, Routledge, London.
Haakansson, H., Havila, V. and Pedersen, A.C. (2009), Learning in networks, Industrial Marketing Management, Vol. 28, pp. 443-52.
Handfield, R., Monczka, R., Giunipero, L. and Patterson, J., (2009) Sourcing and Supply Chain Management, 4th Edition, International Edition, Cengage Learning,
Hoejmose, S., & Brammer, S. (2012). Green supply chain management: The role of trust and top management in B2B and B2C markets. Industrial Marketing Management, 41(4), 609–620
Holmberg S. A (2000) Systems perspective on supply chain measurements. International Journal of Physical Distribution and Logistics Management 2000; 30(10):847–68.
Humphreys, P. (2001). ‘Designing a Management development Programme for Procurement Executives’, Journal of Management Development, Vo.20, No. 7, pp. 604-623
Ishikawa, K. (1985). What is Total Quality Control? The Japanese Way. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
Jackson P. (2003), Marketing management, Prentice-Hall, Inc., 11th Edition
Jensen, M.C., 2003, Agency costs of free cash flow, corporate finance and takeovers, American Economic Review 76, 323-339.
Johanson, J. and Mattsson, L.G. (1987), “Inter-organisational relations in industrial systems: a network approach compared with the transaction cost approach”, Inter-Organisational Studies of Management and Organisation, Vol. 17 No. 1, pp. 34-48.
Johnson, F., Leenders, M., and McCue, C. (2003) A comparison of purchasing's organizational roles and responsibilities in the public and private sector, Journal of Public Procurement, Volume 3, Issue 1, 57-74 2003
Johnson, R., (2008), CEO Logic: How to Think and Act Like a Chief Executive (Franklin Lakes, NJ: Career Press.
Kamann, D.-J.F. (2007), "Organisational design in public procurement: A stakeholder approach." Journal of Purchasing and Supply Management 13(2): 127-136.
Kengen (2014, October 28), Kenya Electricity Generating Company: Job description for Head of Supply Chain. Retrieved from http://www.kengen.co.ke/documents/HEAD%20OF%20SUPPLY%20CHAIN%20.pdf
Kenya Power (2014. October 28), Kenya Power Senior Management Team. Retrieved from http://www.kplc.co.ke/content/item/62/Management-Team
Ketchen J. and Hult M. (2007), Bridging organization theory and supply chain management: The case of best value supply chains, Journal of Operations Management 25 (2007) 573–580
Khi, V., (2009).International Handbook of Public Procurement, CRC Press-Taylor and Francis Group, Boca Raton.
Kioko, J. and Were, S., (2014), Factors affecting efficiency of the procurement function at the public institutions in Kenya (a case of Supplies Branch in Nairobi) Kenya International Journal of Business & Law Research 2(2):1-14, June 2014, Seahi Publications
Koufteros XA, Vonderembse (2007) MA, Doll WJ. Competitive capabilities: measurement and relationships. Proceedings Decision Science Institute 2007; 1067–68
Kovács, G. and Tatham, P. (2009) Responding to disruptions in the supply network –from dormant to action, Journal of Business Logistics, Vol. 30, No. 2, pp. 215–228.
Khushalani, S. and Tatsumi, B. (2011), Business Effectiveness: Procurement reporting alignment, KPMG, Delaware
Kumar, R., (2005). Research Methodology: A Step-By-Step Guide for Beginners. 2nd ed. SAGE, London.
Lambert, Douglas M., James R. Stock, and Lisa M. Ellram (2008), Fundamentals of Logistics Management, Boston, MA: Irwin/McGraw-Hill, Chapter 14.
Lancioni, R. A., Smith, M. F. & Oliva, T. A. (2000): The role of the Internet in Supply Chain Management, Industrial Marketing Management, 29, pp. 45-56
Lawrence, P & Lorsch, J. (1967). “Organisation and environment”. Boston: Harvard Business Press
Leenders, S., Jean, N. & Lisa, M. E. (2002). Adapting Purchasing to Supply Chain Management, International Journal of Physical Distribution and Logistics Management, Vol. 24, No.1, pp. 40-42.
Linck, J. S., Netter, J. M., & Yang, T. (2008).The determinants of board structure .Journal of Financial Economics, 87, 308-328.
Lipton, Y. and Lorsch, M. (2002).Learning to compete in a transition economy: Experience, environment, and performance. Journal of International Business Studies, 30(2): 269–296.
Loforte, Anthony J. (2001), “The Implications of Multicultural Relationships in a Transnational Supply Chain,” National Association of Purchasing Management Annual Conference Proceedings, pp. 69-77.
Logan, M.S. (2000), “Using agency theory to design successful outsourcing relationships”, International Journal of Logistics Management, Vol. 11 No. 2, pp. 21-32.
Luhmann R. (2000) Research Methodology. Methods and Techniques (Second Revised)
Lynch, T. and Cruise, P., (2005), Handbook of Organisation Theory and Management: The Philosophical Approach, Second Edition. CRC Press, London.
Lysons, K. and Farrington, B. (2006) Purchasing and Supply Chain Management. Ashford Colour Press, Hants, UK.
Marie Stopes (2014, October 28), Marie Stopes Logistics and Procurement Deputy Director Job. Retrieved from http://kenyanjobs.blogspot.com/2014/01/marie-stopes-logistics-and-procurement.html
Marine Stewardship Council (2014, October 28), Who’s on the Board: Mr David Mureithi. Retrieved from http://www.msc.org/about-us/governance/structure/board-of-trustees/whos-on-the-msc-board
McClelland, J. (2011) Review of Public Procurement in Scotland Report and Recommendations. Scottish Executive. www.scotland.gov.uk/Resource/Doc/96269/0023302.pdf
McGinnis, F. and McCarty, L. (2008).Strategic account management in the new procurement environment. Supply Chain Management, 2008 3 (1), 12.
McGinnis, M. and Vallopra R., (2009) Purchasing and supplier involvement in process improvement: a source of competitive advantage. Journal of Supply Chain Management 2009; 35 (4):42–50.
Miles, R., and Snow, C. (2007) Organizational Strategy, Structure, and Process. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Miller, D. (1982). "Evolution and Revolution: A Quantum View of Structural Change in Organisations.” Journal of Management Studies 19(2): 131-151.
Min S, Mentzer JT. (2004), Developing and measuring supply chain concepts. Journal of Business Logistics 2004; 25(1):63–99.
Min, S., Roath, A.S., Daugherty, P.J., Genchev, S.E., Chen, H., Arndt, A.D. and Richey, R.G. (2005) Supply Chain Collaboration: What’s Happening?, The International Journal of Logistics Management, Vol. 16, No. 2, pp. 237–256.
Minahan, T. A. and Vigoroso, M. W. (2002).The Supplier Measurement Benchmarking Report. Aberdeen Group and iSource December 2002 http://www.aberdeen.com, accessed July 2004.
Monczka, R., (2005). Purchasing and Supply Chain Management. Thompson: Thompson Corporation, South-Western.
Monczka, R., Trent, R. & Handfield, R. (2002).Purchasing and supply chain management (2nd Ed). Stamford, CT: South-Western
Morcol, G., (2006), Handbook of Decision Making. CRC Press, London.
Mugenda O. M &Mugenda A. G. (2003).Research methods: Quantitative and Qualitative Approaches. Acts Press, Nairobi.
Murungi, P. (2012), Effect Of Procurement Planning In Effective Supply Chain Management In The Banking Sector: A Case Of Cooperative Bank Of Kenya: International Journal of Social Science and Entrepreneurship, 1 (4), 214-232.
Nagel, S., (2004) Encyclopaedia of Policy Studies: Second Edition. CRC Press, London.
Narayanan, V.G. and Raman, A. (2004), “Aligning incentives in supply chains”, Harvard Business Review, Vol. 82 No. 11, pp. 94-102.
Ngwili & Were (2014), Int. J. Business & Law Research 2. The need for a team perspective in purchasing, Journal of Purchasing and Supply Management, Winter 2009.
Nolan, A. (2009). “Mind the Gap,” Supply Management, 4 (14), 34-36.
Noori, H. (2004). Collaborative Continuous Improvement Programs in Supply Chain. Problems and Perspectives in Management, 2, 228-245.
Novack, Robert A. and Stephen W. Simco, “The Industrial Procurement Process: A Supply Chain Perspective,” Journal of Business Logistics, Vol. 12, No. 1 (2001), p. 145.
NSE (2014, October 28), Nairobi Securities Exchange: Listed Companies, Retrieved from https://www.nse.co.ke/listed-companies/list.html
Obanda, (2010). “Supply Chain Design and Analysis: Models and Methods. International Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies. Vol. 4, No.1, pp. 34-46, Jan 2010.
Obiero, M. (2008).The challenges in the implementation of the 2005 procurement act on the Kenyan Ministry of Higher Education, Science and Technology. Unpublished MBA project. University of Nairobi.
Ogden, J.A., Zsidisin, G.A., &Hendrick, T.E. (2002, “Factors That Influence Chief Purchasing Officer Compensation,” The Journal of Supply Chain Management, 37 (3), 30-38 (Summer).
Oliver, C. (2000), “Determinants of inter-organisational relationships: integration and future directions”, Academy of Management Review, Vol. 15 No. 2, pp. 241-65.
Palmer, I. and Dunford, R. (2002).Out with the old and in with the new? The relationship between traditional and new organisational practices. International Journal of Organisational Analysis 10(3): 209–25
Parnell, J. A. and L. Hershey (2005) The Strategy-performance Relationship Revisited: The Blessing and the Curse of the Combination Strategy, International Journal of Commerce and Management, Vol. 15, No. 1, pp. 17–33.
Pikulik, J., (2005), Getting More to the Bottom-line: The CFO’s View of Procurement, Aberdeen Group, Inc. September 2005, Boston, Massachusetts
Plan International (2015, January 04), JD Senior Logistics and Procurement Coordinator-, Retrieved from http://plan-international-kenya.org/jobs/latest_jobs.php
Prahalad, C. and Hamel, G. (2000), “The core competence of the corporation”, Harvard Business Review, Vol. 68 No. 3, pp. 79-91.
Primo, M.A.M., Amundson, S.D., 2002. An exploratory study of the effects of supplier relationships on new product development outcomes. Journal of Operations Management, 20 (1), 33-52.
Procurement Policy Unit, (2001).Procurement Policy Guidelines. London, UK: Office of Government Commerce.
Procurement Strategy Council (2009, September 17), Different types of organisation structure, September 2009. Retrieved from https://psc.executiveboard.com/public/designinghighperformance.aspx.
Ramsay, J., Croom, S., (2008).The impact of evolutionary and development metaphors on supply chain practice: a literature critique and pilot study. Journal of Purchasing and Supply Management, 14 (3), 192-204.
Rindfleisch, A. and Heide, J.B. (2007), “Transaction cost analysis: past, present, and future applications”, Journal of Marketing, Vol. 61 No. 4, pp. 30-54.
Rosen, C.M., Bercovitz, J., Beckman, S., 2000. Environmental supply-chain management in the computer industry: A transaction cost economics perspective. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 4(4), 83-103.
Rozemeijer, F. A., A. Weele and M. Weggeman (2003). "Creating Corporate Advantage through Purchasing: Toward a Contingency Model." The Journal of Supply Chain Management, 39(1): 4-13.
Rwoti J. & Omosa, M. (2005).Procurement performance measurement systems. A survey of large manufacturing companies in Nairobi. Unpublished MBA project. University of Nairobi.
Ryals, L. and Rogers, B., (2006) Holding up the mirror: the impact of strategic procurement practices on account management, Business Horizons, Volume 49, Issue 1, January-February 2006, Pages 41-50.
Santos, F.C.A., 2000. Integration of human research management and competitive priorities of manufacturing strategy. International Journal of Operations and Production Management 20 (5), 610–628.
Schiavo-Campo, S. & Sundaram, P. (2000).To serve and Preserve: Improving Public Administration in a Competitive World. Florida Atlantic University 33(1), 306-316.
Scott K. (2004), "Fuzzy Bayesian reliability and availability analysis of production systems", Computers & Industrial Engineering, Vol. 59 No.4, pp.690-6.
Senge C. (2000) Synthesizing Research; A guide for Literature Reviews (3rd Ed.) Sage: Thousand Oaks.
Skinner W. (1985), The taming of the lions: how manufacturing leadership involved, 1780–1984. In: Clark KB, Hayes R, Lorenz C., editors. The uneasy alliance: managing the productivity-technology dilemma. Boston, MA: The Harvard Business School Press; 1985. p. 63–110.
Smith, V., Goel, S. and Gulhane, T. (2007), Enabling Profitable Growth through Procurement: Transforming the Sourcing and Procurement Organisation, ASUG/SAP Benchmarking and Best Practices Program
Soheila L., (2013), From Back Office to Boardroom – Is Procurement Ready? October, 2013
Sollish, F. and Semanik, J. (2012), The Procurement and Supply Manager's Desk Reference, Second Edition
Steiner R. (1972). “Accounting Earnings and Top Executive Compensation”, J. Acc. Econ., 16:55 100.
Stock GN, Greis NP, Kasarda JD. (2000) Enterprise logistics and supply chain structure: the role of fit. Journal of Operations Management, 2000; 18(5):531–47.
Suhong L., Bhanu R., Ragu-Nathan T. and Subba R., (2004), The impact of supply chain management practices on competitive advantage and organisational performance, Omega, The International Journal of Management Science, September 2004
Swinder, J. and Seshadri, S. (2001). The influence of purchasing strategies on performance. The Journal of Business and Industrial Marketing, 2001 16(4), 294-306.
Tan, C. (2001) A framework of supply chain management literature, European Journal of Purchasing and Supply Management. Vol. 7, No. 1, pp. 39 – 48.
Tan C, Lyman B, Wisner D. (2002) Supply chain management: a strategic perspective. International Journal of Operations and Production Management 2002; 22(6):614–31.
Tan C, Kannan R, Handfield B. (2008) Supply chain management: supplier performance and firm performance. International Journal of Purchasing and Materials Management 2008; 34(3):2–9.
Thai, K.V., Araujo, A., Cartre, T.Y., Callender, G., Drabkin, M. (2004), Strategic Purchasing and Supply Chain Management, Pitman, London
Thawiwinyu, K. and Laptaned U. (2009), The Impact Of Strategic Sourcing And E-Procurement On Supply Chain Performance Management, The 20th National Conference of Australian Society for Operations Research & the 5th International Intelligent Logistics System Conference
Tracey M, Vonderembse MA, Lim JS. (2009) Manufacturing Technology and strategy formulation: keys to enhancing competitiveness and improving performance. Journal of Operations Management 2009; 17(4):411–28.
Trent, Robert J. (2004): The Use of Organisational Design Features in Purchasing and Supply Management, Journal of Supply Chain Management, 40 (3): 4-18.
Tullow (2015, January, 04), Tullow Supplier Centre. Retrieved from http://www.tullowoil.com/supplier_centre/index.asp?pageid=34
Tzokas N. Pressey A., (2007) Strategic Purchasing and the evaluation of “problem” key supply relationships: what do key suppliers need to know? Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing Emerald Group Publishing Limited
UNECE, (2010), Economic Commission for Europe of the United Nations, "Terminology on Statistical Metadata", Conference of European Statisticians Statistical Standards and Studies, No. 53, Geneva 2010.
Vafeas, N. (2009), The relationship between board structure and firm performance in the UK, British Accounting Review 30, 383-407
Wambua, P. (2013). Effects of agency costs on financial performance of companies listed at the Nairobi Securities Exchange. International Journal of Social Sciences and Entrepreneurship, 1(5), 587-607.
Wambui, E. N (2013).Role of procurement on organisational performance: A survey study of public secondary schools in Imenti North District, Kenya. International Journal of Social Sciences and Entrepreneurship, 1 (3), 289-302
Waters, D. (2007) Supply chain risk management: Vulnerability and resilience in logistics, Kogan Page Limited: London. UK.
Weele, A., (2010). Purchasing and Supply Chain Management. 5th edition. London: Cengage Learning.
Wilding R., Waller A., Geldard, C. and Mayhew S. (2013), Supply Chain Strategy in the Boardroom - The reality Closing the implementation gap, Cranfield School of Management, Cranfield, Bedford.
Williamson, O.E., 1981. The economics of organisation: The transaction cost approach. American Journal of Sociology, 87(3), 548.
Williamson, O. (2006), The Mechanisms of Governance, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
Wincel, J. (2004), Lean Supply Chain Management: A Handbook for Strategic Procurement, Productivity Press: New York.
Winter, S.G. (2000) The satisficing principle in capability learning, Strategic Management Journal, Special Issue, Vol. 21, No. 10–11, pp. 981–996.
Yamin S, Gunasekruan A, Mavondo FT. (2009) Relationship between generic strategy, competitive advantage and firm performance: an empirical analysis. Technovation 2009; 19(8):507–18.
Zeithaml, A. (2000). Delivering Quality Service. In (1st. Ed.), Balancing Customers Perceptions and Expectations. Picador Publishers.
Zenz G. J. (2004). Purchasing and the Management of Materials. John Wiley and Sons Inc. USA
Zhang, QY. (2001) Technology infusion enabled value chain flexibility: a learning and capability-based perspective. Doctoral dissertation, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, 2001.
Zheng, J., Knight, L., Harland, F., (2007), “An analysis of research into the future of Purchasing and Supply Management”, Journal of Purchasing and Supply Management, Vol. 13 No.1.
Zsidisin, G. A., Ellram, L. M., and Ogden, J. A., 2003.The relationship between purchasing and supply management's perceived value and participation in strategic supplier cost management activities. Journal of Business Logistics, 24(2), 129-154.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.61426/sjbcm.v3i2.275
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
PAST ISSUES:
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.