RISK RESPONSE APPROACHES AND PROJECT DELIVERY AMONG NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS IN THE HUMANITARIAN SECTOR IN NAIROBI CITY COUNTY, KENYA
Abstract
This research examined the influence of risk responses on project results in humanitarian sector in non-governmental organization (NGOs) in Nairobi City County, Kenya. A descriptive research design was used for a population of 1,252 humanitarian NGOs in Nairobi. 125 NGOs were randomly selected of which humanitarian project of one organization was investigated. Data collection underwent use of structured questionnaires administered to 375 respondents, project managers and technical staff. The analysis was carried out using the SPSS software version 24, which made use of descriptive and inferential analysis. Results established that mechanisms of transferring risk, such as legal contracts, hiring of experts, and insuring contracts, detached the uncertainty and financial risks and, therefore, made project delivery possible. Security inspection, emergency planning, and structured plans, greatly reduced project failures. Control measures against risk like identification, classification, and regular risk assessment enhanced project performance through early remedies on likely challenges. A series of multiple linear regression analysis found that all of the four risk response strategies significantly affected project delivery. Risk control and risk communication was the most significant parameter for project success whereas risk retention had least effect. The research confirmed the NGOs’ higher level of project success based on effective risk management planning; better cost-effectiveness, punctual completion, and better-quality outputs. This study makes a meaningful contribution to the body of knowledge of risk management in project implementation and will also be useful to NGO managers and policymakers, as well as donors. The findings suggest that NGOs should find means of continuously positively improving risk management systems and enhance risk control measures through risk transfer and prevention. Future studies are recommended on practice integration of emerging risk management technologies such as artificial intelligence and predictive analytics for NGO project management.
Key Words: Risk Transfer, Risk Prevention, Risk Avoidance, Risk Retention
CITATION: Nyongesa, F. M., & Ngugi, L. (2025). Risk response approaches and project delivery among non-governmental organizations in the humanitarian sector in Nairobi City County, Kenya. The Strategic Journal of Business & Change Management, 12 (2), 1410 – 1428. http://dx.doi.org/10.61426/sjbcm.v12i2.3281
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.61426/sjbcm.v12i2.3281
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