EFFECT OF ORGANIZATIONAL FACTORS ON RETENTION OF GENERATION Y EMPLOYEES IN PARASTATALS: A CASE OF KENYA REVENUE AUTHORITY

GLADYS J. CHUMBA

Abstract


Recruitment of personnel plays an important role in assisting the organization to adapt and remain competitive. Kenya Revenue Authority employs a wide variety of workers. Thus, the sources of applicants and types of methods used to expand the applicant pool vary depending on the occupational classification being considered. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of organizational factors on retention of generation Y employees in Kenya Revenue Authority. The study examined the effect of career development and remuneration on retention of Generation Y employees in Kenya Revenue Authority. The research used descriptive survey design and stratified sampling technique. The sample size was 285 respondents. The study used primary data collected using pre-determined questionnaires. The analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21. The finding indicated that the generation Y employees were not comfortable with the way the organization offered opportunity for career development. They didn’t think there were proper structures to offer guidance in how they could develop. The employees were not comfortable with the salaries, bonuses, and awards they get as recognition. The organization was not fair in promotion of employees. Generation Y were found to be productive if they were to be offered better packages. The management did not participate in promoting career development programs. There were also unfair practices that derailed the performance of the employees. The organization should formulate a clear career development for generation Y since it was found they there was no program to handle that. Opportunities for further research still existed in this area. This study examined only two factors that influenced retention of generation Y employees: career development and remuneration in one organization. Therefore, there is need for further research on other factors that influence retention of generation Y employees in other organization. 

Key Words: Career Development, Remuneration, Generation Y Employees, Kenya Revenue Authority


Full Text:

PDF

References


Allen, D. G., Shore, L. M., and Griffeth, R. W. (2003). “The Role of Perceived Organizational Support and Supportive Human Resource Practices in the Turnover Process”, Journal of Management, 29(1), 99-118.

Allen, P. (2004). Welcoming Y, Benefits Canada, Vol. 28, no. 9, pp. 51-53.

Amstrong, M. (2001). “Human Resource Management Practice”, United Kingdom: The Bath Press.

Armstrong, M. A. (2009). Handbook of Human Resource Management Practice. London: Kogan Page Limited.

Babbie, E. (2002). “Survey Research Methods”, Belmont: Wodsworth.

Bagraim, J., et al (2007). Organizational Behavior: A Contemporary South African Perspective. Pretoria: Van Schaik.

Bagraim, J., et al (2003). “Organizational Behavior”, Pretoria: Van Schaik Publishers.

Baker, T. L. (1999). “Doing Social Research”, 3rd Ed, McGraw Hill: Boston.

Bassett-Jones, N., and Lloyd, G. C. (2005). “Does Herzberg’s Motivation Theory Have Staying Power?” Journal of Management and Development 24(10), 929-943.

Beardwell, J., and Claydon, T. (2007). Human Resource Management: A contemporary Approach. London: Prentice Hall.

Blain, A. (2008). “The Millennial Tidal Wave: Five Elements That Will Change The Workplace of Tomorrow”, Journal of the Quality Assurance Institute (22) 2: 11-13.

Bratton, J., and Gold, J. (2003). Human Resource Management, Theory and Practice, New York: Palgrave Macmillan.

Butler, T., & Waldroop, J. (2001). Job Sculpting: The Art of Retaining Your Best People. Boston: Harvard Business School Press.

Cappelli, P. (2001). A Market-Driven Approach to Retaining Talent. Harvard Business Review on Finding and Keeping the Best People. Boston: Harvard Business School Press.

Cascio, W. F. (2003). Managing Human Resources. New York: McGraw-Hill.

Cennamo, L., and Gardner, D. (2008). Generational differences in work values, outcomes and person-organization values fit. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 23(8), 891–906.

Cooper, D., and Schindler, P. (2004). “Business Research Methods”, New Delhi: Tata McGraw Hill.

Creswell, J. W. (1994). “Research Design: Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches”, Oaks: CA Sage.

Crumpacker, M., and Crumpacker, J. D. (2007). “Succession planning and generational stereotypes: Should HR consider age-based values and attitudes a relevant factor or a passing fad?” Public Personnel Management, 36(4), 349–69.

Daly, C. J., and Dee, J. R. (2006). “Greener Pastures: Faculty Turnover Intent in Urban Public Universities”, Journal of Higher Education, 77.5 (8/9), 59-64.

Dessler, G. (2008). Human Resource Management. New Jersey: Pearson Prentice-Hall.

Deloitte survey. “Generation Y. Moving with the times” published on 12www.deloitte.com/dtt/cda/doc/content/ie_M_generation.

Erickson, T. J. (2008). Plugged In: The Generation Y Guide to Thriving at Work. Harvard Business Press: Boston, MA.

Farren, C. (2008). Managers: A Key Factor in Employee Retention and Engagement. London: Prentice Hall.

Forgacs, L. (2009). Recruitment and Retention across Continents. New Jersey: Career Press.

Greenberg, J. (2004). Managing Behaviour in Organizations, Prentice Hall.

Gursoy, D., Maier, T.A., & Chi, C.G. (2008). Generational differences: An examination of work values and generational gaps inthe hospitality workforce. Int. J. Hosp. Manage., 27: 448-458.

Hall, D. T., and Moss, J. E. (1998). “The New Protean Career Contract: Helping Organizations and Employees Adapt”, Organizational Dynamics, 26(3), 22-37.

Haslam, A. S. (2001). Psychology in Organizations. London, SAGE Publications. p. 38.

Herzberg, F. (2002). “Frederick Herzberg: Hygiene and Motivation”, Workforce, Vol 18, Issue.1, pg. 33.

Hess, N. M., and Jepsen, D. M. (2009). “Career Stage and Generational Differences in Psychological contracts”, Career Development International, 14(3), 261–283.

Horwitz, F. M., Heng, C. T., and Quazi, H. A. (2003). “Finders, Keepers? Attracting, Motivating and Retaining Knowledge Workers”, Human Resource Management Journal. P.56-58

Howe, N., & Strauss, B. (2000). Millennials Rising: The Next Greatest Generation. Vintage Books, New York, NY.

Hsu, M. K., Jiang, J. J., Klein, G., and Tang, Z. (2003). Perceived Career Incentives and Intent to Leave. Information and Management, 40, 361-369.

Jacobson, D. (2008). Making Creative Use of Employee Recognition, New Jersey: Pearson Education International.

Johnshrud, L., and Rosser, J. (2002). “Faculty Members’ Morale and Their Intention to Leave: Multilevel Explanation”, Journal of Higher Education, 73 (4), 518 -542.

Karefalk, A. T., Maria, P. R., and Yeqing, Z. (2007). How to Motivate Generation Y with Different Cultural Backgrounds: A Cross-Cultural Comparison between China and Sweden. A PhD. Dissertation, Kristianstad University.

Kipkebut, D. J. (2010). “Organizational Commitment and Job Satisfaction in Higher Educational Institutions: The Kenyan Case”, PhD thesis, Middlesex University.

Kupperschmidt, B.R. (2000). Multigenerational employees: strategies for effective management. Health Care Manage. 19 (1): 65-76.

Lowe, D., Levitt, K. J., and Wilson, T. (2008). Solutions for Retaining Generation Y Employees in the Workplace, Business Renaissance Quarterly, Fall 2008.

Majumdar, P. K. (2005). “Research Methods in Social Science”, New Delhi: Viva Books Private Limited.

Maslow, A. H. (1954). Motivation and Personality, Harper and Brothers: New York.

McGregor, D. (1957). The Human Side of Enterprise, McGraw-Hill: New York.

Meier, J., & Crocker, M. (2010). Generation Y in the Workforce: Managerial Challenges. The Journal of Human Resource and Adult Learning, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 68-78.

Michael, S.O. (2008). Using Motivational Strategy as Panacea for Employee Retention and Turnover in Selected Public and Private Sector Organizations in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. Master of Commerce Thesis, University of Fort Hare.

Miller, D.C. (1991). “Handbook of Research Design and Social Measurement”. New Park: CA. Sage.

Mitchell, T. R., Holtom, B.C., and Lee, T. W. (2001). “How To Keep Your Best Employees: Developing An Effective Retention Policy”, Academy of Management Executive, 15(4), 96-109.

Mugenda, O. M., and Mugenda, A.G. (1999). Research Methods: Quantitative and Qualitative Approaches. Nairobi: ACTS Press.

Mugenda, O. M., and Mugenda, A. G. (2003). Research Methods: Quantitative and Qualitative Approaches. Nairobi: Acts Press.

Nel, P.S., et al (2001). “Human Resources Management”, (5th Edition). South Africa: Oxford University Press.

Samuel, M. O., and Chipunza, C. (2009). “Employee Retention and Turnover: Using Motivational Variables as a Panacea”, African Journal of Business Management Vol.3 (8), pp. 410-415.

Schuler, S.R., and Jackson, S.C. (2006). Managing Human Resources. Cengage Learning.

Scott, W. R., and Davis, G. F. (2007). Organizations and Organizing: Rational, Natural, and Open System Perspectives. Kogan Page: London.

Shivangee, S., and Pankaj, K. D. (2011). “Employee Retention: The Art of Keeping the People Who Keep You in Business”, VSRD International Journal of Business & Management Research. Vol. 1 (7), pg. 441-448.

Simon, H. A. (1997). Administrative Behavior, 4th Ed. Free Press.

Smith, P. J., and Cronje, G. J. (1992). Management Principles, Kenwyn: Jutaand Ltd.

Smola, K. W., and Sutton, C. D. (2002). Generational Differences: Revisiting Generational Work Values for the New Millennium, Journal of Organizational Behavior, 23.

Steel, R. P., Griffeth, R. W., and Hom, P. W. (2002). “Practical Retention Policy for the Practical Manager”, Academy of Management Executive, 18(2), 149-169.

Sunil, R., (2004). “A Review of Employee Motivation Theories and their Implications for Employee Retention within Organizations”, Journal of American Academy of Business, Cambridge, 3(2) pg. 52-63.

Sutherland, M. M. (2004). “Factors Affecting the Retention of Knowledge Workers”, Unpublished PhD Thesis, Rand Afrikaans University.

Synovate (2011). Generation Y shakes up the corporate workplace. Retrieved from www.msra.or.ke/documents/newsletters/2011/MSRA Newsletter August 2016.

Tajfel, H., & Turner, J. C. (1979). An integrative theory of intergroup conflict. In W. G. Austin & S. Worchel (Eds.), The social psychology of intergroup relations (pp. 33–47). Monterey, CA: Brooks/Cole

Taylor, F. W. (1911). “The Principles of Scientific Management”, New York: Norton.

Turner, J.C. (1999). "Some current issues in research on social identity and self-categorization theories". Social identity (Oxford: Blackwell): 6–34.

Vakola, M., Soderquist, K. E., and Prastacos, G. P. (2007). “Competency Management in Support of Organisational Change”, International Journal of Manpower, 28(3), pg. 260-275.

Vazirani, N. (2007). Employee Engagement. New Jersey: Pearson Education International.

Vroom, V. H. (1964). “Work and Motivation”, Wiley: New York.

Weingarten, R. M. (2009). Four generations, one workplace: A Gen X-Y Staff Nurse’s View of Team Building in the Emergency Department. Journal of Emergency Nursing, 35, 27–30.

Werner, J.M., & DeSimone, R.L. (2009). Human Resource Development. (4th Edition). Thomson South-Western Publishers.

Westerman, J. W., and Yamamura, J. H. (2007). Generational Preferences for the Work Environment Fit: Effects on Employee Outcomes, Career Development International, 12(2), pg. 142-150.

Deloitte survey. “Generation Y. Moving with the times” published on www.deloitte.com/dtt/cda/doc/content/ie_M_generation.

Woodruffe, C. (1999). “Winning the Talent War: A Strategic Approach to Attracting, Developing and Retaining the Best People”, Chichester, UK: John Wiley and Sons.

Yan, S. (2006). “Understanding Generation Y”, The Oberlin Review, 8 December, 2006.

Zemke R, Raines C, Filipczak B (2000). Generations at work: Managing the clash of Veterans, Boomers, Xers and Nexters inyour workplace (2ndEd).

Zhou, Y., and Volkwein, J. (2004). “Examining the influences on Faculty Departure Intentions: A comparison of Tenured versus Non-tenured”, Faculty at Research Universities: Research in Higher Education, 45 (2), 139-176.




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.61426/sjbcm.v3i4.360

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.

PAST ISSUES:
20242023202220212020201920182017201620152014
Vol 11, No 2 [2024]Vol 10, No 4 [2023]Vol 9, No 4 [2022]Vol 8, No 4 [2021]Vol 7, No 4 [2020]Vol 6, No 4 [2019]Vol 5, No 4 [2018]Vol 4, No 4 [2017]Vol 3, No 4 [2016]Vol 2, No 2 [2015]Vol 1, No 2 [2014]
 Vol 11, No 1 [2024] Vol 10, No 3 [2023] Vol 9, No 3 [2022]Vol 8, No 3 [2021]Vol 7, No 3 [2020]Vol 6, No 3 [2019]Vol 5, No 3 [2019]Vol 4, No 3 [2017]Vol 3, No 3 [2016]Vol 2, No 1 [2015]Vol 1, No 1 [2014]
  Vol 10, No 2 [2023] Vol 9, No 2 [2022]Vol 8, No 2 [2021]Vol 7, No 2 [2020]Vol 6, No 2 [2019]Vol 5, No 2 [2018]Vol 4, No 2 [2017]Vol 3, No 2 [2016]  
  Vol 10, No 1 [2023] Vol 9, No 1 [2022]  Vol 8, No 1 [2021]Vol 7, No 1 [2020]Vol 6, No 1 [2019]Vol 5, No 1 [2018]Vol 4, No 1 [2017]Vol 3, No 1 [2016]   


Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.